How to lock folder without using any software ?

You can lock any folder using software and without using any software.These are the steps to lock the folder without using any software.

(1) Consider that you have a folder named "Album" in E:\songs

(2) In the same drive (here E:\) create a new notepad file and paste this code in the notepad file ren songs songs.{21EC2020-3AEA-1069-A2DD-08002B30309D}.
Save this file as lock.bat or any other file name with ".bat" extension.

(3) Then Create another notepad file and paste this code in that file
ren songs.{21EC2020-3AEA-1069-A2DD-08002B30309D} songs
Save this file as key.bat or with other file name with ".bat" extension.

(4) Now you have two batch files. To lock your folder (Album),double click lock.bat and your folder will change into Control Panel and you will not be able to see the content of the folder.

(5) If you want to open the folder(Album) then double click key.bat and you will be able to see the content of the folder.

If you want more security than keep the key.bat in another location.For unlocking the folder copy paste key.bat to the original location and double click on it.

note: here i have given example of folder with name songs.you have to replace the code i have given with the folder which you like to lock.

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Alien Mineral From Comet Dust Found in Earth's Atmosphere

Astoundingly, about 40,000 tons of dust particles fall to Earth each year which originates from space "leftovers," mostly from disintegrating comets and asteroid collisions. Scientists are very interested in this dust because of its pristine nature –it is made of the original building blocks of the solar system. Some of that dust also resides in Earth's atmosphere, and for years, NASA has routinely collected cosmic and interplanetary dust from Earth's stratosphere with high-altitude research aircraft. NASA announced today that a new mineral has been found from this atmospheric research, in material that likely came from a comet.

Usually, any unique dust particles found in the atmosphere are difficult to trace as far as their origin, and whether it came from a comet or other space debris. But this new mineral, a manganese silicide which has been named "Brownleeite," was discovered within an interplanetary dust particle, or IDP, that appears to have originated from comet 26P/Grigg-Skjellerup. The comet was discovered in 1902 and reappears every 5 years. A new method of collecting IDPs was suggested by space scientist Scott Messenger, from Johnson Space Center. He predicted comet 26P/Grigg-Skjellerup was a source of dust grains that could be captured in Earth's stratosphere at a specific time of the year.

In response to his prediction, NASA performed stratospheric dust collections, using an ER-2 high-altitude aircraft flown from NASA's Dryden Flight Research Center at Edwards Air Force Base, Calif. The aircraft collected IDPs from this particular comet stream in April 2003. The new mineral was found in one of the particles. To determine the mineral's origin and examine other dust materials, a powerful new transmission electron microscope was installed in 2005 at Johnson.

"When I saw this mineral for the first time, I immediately knew this was something no one had seen before," said Keiko Nakamura-Messenger, also from Johnson Space Center. "But it took several more months to obtain conclusive data because these mineral grains were only 1/10,000 of an inch in size."

"Because of their exceedingly tiny size, we had to use state-of-the-art nano-analysis techniques in the microscope to measure the chemical composition and crystal structure of Keiko's new mineral," said Lindsay Keller, Johnson space scientist and a co-discoverer of the new mineral. "This is a highly unusual material that has not been predicted either to be a cometary component or to have formed by condensation in the solar nebula."

The mineral was surrounded by multiple layers of other minerals that also have been reported only in extraterrestrial rocks. There have been 4,324 minerals identified by the International Mineralogical Association, or IMA. This find adds one more mineral to that list.

Brownleeite, is named after Donald E. Brownlee, professor of astronomy at the University of Washington, Seattle. Brownlee founded the field of IDP research. The understanding of the early solar system established from IDP studies would not exist without his efforts. Brownlee also is the principal investigator of NASA's Stardust mission.

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Can Light b "Squeezed" to Improve Sensitivity of Gravitation

The search is on to detect the first evidence of gravitational waves travelling around the cosmos. How can we do this? The Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) uses a system of laser beams fired over a distance of 4 km (2.5 miles) and reflected back and forth by a system of mirrors. Should a gravitational wave pass through the volume of space-time surrounding the Earth, in theory the laser beam will detect a small change as the passing wave slightly alters the distance between mirrors. It is worth noting that this slight change will be small; so small in fact that LIGO has been designed to detect a distance fluctuation of less than one-thousandth of the width of a proton. This is impressive, but it could be better. Now scientists think they have found a way of increasing the sensitivity of LIGO; use the strange quantum properties of the photon to "squeeze" the laser beam so an increase in sensitivity can be achieved…

LIGO was designed by collaborators from MIT and Caltech to search for observational evidence of theoretical gravitational waves. Gravitational waves are thought to propagate throughout the Universe as massive objects disturb space-time. For example, if two black holes collided and merged (or collided and blasted away from each other), Einstein's theory of general relativity predicts that a ripple will be sent throughout the fabric of space-time. To prove gravitational waves do exist, a totally different type of observatory needed to be built, not to observe electromagnetic emissions from the source, but to detect the passage of these perturbations travelling through our planet. LIGO is an attempt to measure these waves, and with a gargantuan set-up cost of $365 million, there is huge pressure for the facility to discover the first gravitational wave and its source (for more information on LIGO, see "Listening" for Gravitational Waves to Track Down Black Holes). Alas, after several years of science, none have been found. Is this because there are no gravitational waves out there? Or is LIGO simply not sensitive enough?

The first question is quickly answered by LIGO scientists: more time is needed to collect a longer period of data (there needs to be more "exposure time" before gravitational waves are detected). There is also strong theoretical reasons why gravitational waves should exist. The second question is something scientists from the US and Australia hope to improve; perhaps LIGO needs a boost in sensitivity.

To make gravitational wave detectors more sensitive, Nergis Mavalvala leader of this new research and MIT physicist, has focused on the very small to help detect the very big. To understand what the researchers are hoping to achieve, a very brief crash course in quantum "fuzziness" is needed.

Detectors such as LIGO depend on highly accurate laser technology to measure perturbations in space-time. As gravitational waves travel through the Universe, they cause tiny changes in the distance between two positions in space (space is effectively being "warped" by these waves). Although LIGO has the ability to detect a perturbation of less than a thousandth of the width of a proton, it would be great if even more sensitivity is acquired. Although lasers are inherently accurate and very sensitive, laser photons are still governed by quantum dynamics. As the laser photons interact with the interferometer, there is a degree of quantum fuzziness meaning the photon is not a sharp pin-point, but slightly blurred by quantum noise. In an effort to reduce this noise, Mavalvala and her team have been able to "squeeze" laser photons.

Laser photons possess two quantities: phase and amplitude. Phase describes the photons position in time and amplitude describes the number of photons in the laser beam. In this quantum world, if the laser amplitude is reduced (removing some of the noise); quantum uncertainties in laser phase will increase (adding some noise). It is this trade-off that this new squeezing technique is base on. What is important is accuracy in the measurement of amplitude, not the phase, when trying to detect a gravitational wave with lasers.

It is hoped that this new technique can be applied to the multi-million dollar LIGO facility, possibly increasing LIGO's sensitivity by 44%.

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Modern Astronomy: Expanding the Universe

Lisa Yount, Modern Astronomy: Expanding the Universe
Chelsea House Publications | ISBN 081605746X | 2006 | PDF | 3 MB | 225 pages

Astronomy poses many of the same questions that religion does, the deepest questions a human being can ask: What is the universe? How big is it? How did it begin? How will it end? What part do we play in it? Are we alone? Through most of history, in fact, astronomy was part of religion. The astronomers of ancient times usually were priests.

Astronomy in the 20th century changed humans’ understanding as profoundly as Copernicus and Galileo did. At the start of the century, soon after George Ellery Hale, the first astronomer covered in this book, built his first large telescope, people thought the solar system was essentially at the center of the universe, much as people of Copernicus’s time had believed the Earth was.

click here to download Modern Astronomy: Expanding the Universe

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The Invisible Universe: The Story of Radio Astronomy

The Invisible Universe: The Story of Radio Astronomy
Springer | ISBN 0387308164 | 2006-12-07 | PDF | 162pages | 14.5 Mb

Hidden from human view, accessible only to sensitive receivers attached to huge radio telescopes, giant versions of backyard satellite dishes, the invisible universe beyond our senses continues to fascinate and intrigue our imaginations. We cannot really comprehend what it means to say that a galaxy is exploding, yet that is the nature of some of the distant radio sources in the furthest reaches of space. Closer to home, in the Milky Way galaxy, radio astronomers listen patiently to the ticking of pulsars that tell of star death and states of matter of awesome densities. And between the stars, radio emission from a host of over 120 complex molecules radiate outward to reveal a tale about chemical processes that produce the very stuff of life. And all of this happens out there in the universe hidden from our eyes, even when aided by the Hubble Space Telescope.
This is the story of radio astronomy, of how radio waves are generated by stars, supernova, quasars, colliding galaxies, and by the very beginnings of the universe itself. In The Invisible Universe, you learn what astronomers are doing with those huge dishes in the New Mexico desert, in a remote valley in Puerto Rico, in the green Pocahontas Valley in West Virginia, as well as dozens of other remote sites around the world. With each of these observatories, the scientists collect and analyze their data, "listening" to the radio signals from space, in order to learn what is out there, and perhaps even if someone else may be listening as well.

click here to download The Invisible Universe: The Story of Radio Astronomy

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Firefox secrets

now a days most of people using firefox for fast web browsing and safe surfing. we can do a lot with firefox like download streaming videos (for this you need to install download helper addon on your mozilla) if we know it's secrets.here i am attaching the pdf ebook which explains these.

file name: firefox secrets a need to know guide.pdf
size: 2.33 MB.

click here to download Firefox secrets

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cannot create a folder with name 'CON'

HI friends
hey try dis miracle.....

An Indian discovered that nobody can create a FOLDER anywhere on the computer which can be named as "CON". This is something pretty cool...and unbelievable... At Microsoft the whole Team, couldn't answer why this happened!
TRY IT NOW, IT WILL NOT CREATE "CON" FOLDER

Solution for this magic:---------
Reson for the 1st:

The following reserved device names cannot be used as the name of a file:

CON, PRN, AUX, CLOCK$, NUL, COM1, COM2, COM3, COM4, COM5, COM6, COM7, COM8, COM9, LPT1, LPT2, LPT3, LPT4, LPT5, LPT6, LPT7, LPT8, and LPT9.

CON is reserved for console, PRN is reserved for printers...........etc.

You must avoid using these names as a file name suffix or file name body, so you have to avoid names such as aux.c, file.aux or NUL.txt.

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100 Greatest Science Discoveries of All Time

Kendall Haven “100 Greatest Science Discoveries of All Time"
Libraries Unlimited | 2007-02-28 | ISBN: 1591582652 | 272 pages | PDF | 1,3 MB

click here to download 100 Greatest Science Discoveries of All Time

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World's Costliest Phone

A new limited edition mobile phone from Goldvish, the Swiss cell-phone maker has beat the Vertu collection to being the world's costliest phone ever. If you thought that the Vertu was mind-bogglingly expensive, think twice. This particular collection called PLATO and referred to as "Le million" PIECE UNQIUE was awarded a Guiness World Record for the unique distinction of being the Most Expensive & Most Exclusive handset worldwide. Since this is a limited edition, only 100 sets will be made and distributed around the world.

According to current pricing, this handset costs approximately USD 1,270,000 - that's right ! Close to one point three million dollars.

The sets are encased with 120 carats of diamonds, made of white gold, sport sapphire glass displays and incorporate the advanced quad-band technology.

The phone was featured recently at the Millionaire's Fair in Moscow.

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Text messaging becomes more addictive & dangerous

How do you define "addictive-behaviour"? Oh, I'm sure you can name many examples. And does goin back several times to PalmAddict weblog is included in one of them?

But one of our oldest service in mobile phone: text messaging or known as SMS, has become more common and thus more addictive; resulting in various dangerous results.

According to NewsMax report that Sammy has posted here at PalmAddict, the average cellphone user sent 188 text messages per month, which equals roughly 2,256 texts a year.

Sounds scary isn't it? Then you'll be even more surprise to know that Well Paige Horne, a 15-year-old from Ohio, averages about 15,000 texts a month — that's even more than what the 13-years-old National Texting Champ could send! "I just don't look. I guess I had the phone a long time and I just know where the buttons are and I just hit them," she said. Thankfully for her parents, she's under an unlimited phone plan where texting is included.

If you're planning to take part in the next National Texting competition, or just wish to beat Paige Horne there, then you might want to consider to read these precautions on how to avoid repetitive strain injury (RSI) from sending too many text messages:

• If texting starts to hurt. Stop. Use the other hand or call instead
• Vary the hand you use
• Vary the digits you use
• Don’t text for more than a few minutes without a break

Or just simply wear the thumb-wrist wrapping support accessories, and make yourself looks like a tough looking athlete / sport. ;-D Remember kids, those guys are pro. So don't try this at home without taking precautions, or without your parents watching over you. ~LOL~

Another more dangerous use of text messaging is while you're behind the wheel, and pushing your car's gas pedal carelessly because of you're on fire texting with your mobile phone. So that's why on July 1st, California will ban unlimited cellphone use by drivers. The law prohibits drivers under 18 from talking on the phone, and it requires older drivers to use a hands-free headset. And this includes text messaging while driving.

USA TODAY asked insurance and driving experts to explain the new restrictions. These are what we learned:

• Research on texting and dialing is still in the early stage. In general, "it's dangerous" to do anything distracting while driving, Adkins says.
• California has launched a media blitz about its new law, for example. But it hasn't specifically asked rental car agencies to warn out-of-state renters, says Jan Mendoza, spokeswoman for the California Department of Motor Vehicles. To play it safe, stay off the phone no matter where you are.
• In California, the base fine ranges from $20 to $50 — and it can triple if certain penalties are applied. In Washington, fines start at $124.
• The electronics-maker builds hands-free systems for cars that range from about $150 to more than $1,000. Sales rose after New York passed cellphone driving restrictions, and the company expects a similar boost in California. In response, Pioneer is broadening its product offerings.
• Hawaii and Massachusetts are among the states considering new restrictions.

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Vegetarians are more intelligent, says study

Researchers at Southampton University, in a study made on 8,179 subjects, found that intelligent children are more likely to become vegetarians later in life, by the age of 30. The vegetarians recorded five IQ points more on average at the age of 10.Most people chose a vegetarian diet as healthier, linked to lower heart disease and obesity rates. Twenty years after the IQ tests were carried out in 1970, 366 of the participants said they were vegetarian - although more than 100 reported eating either fish or chicken.
Researchers from the University of Southampton who conducted the study agree. They suggest that vegetarians are more thoughtful about what they eat. But they say it is unclear whether bright children choose to become vegetarians for the health benefits or for other reasons, such as a concern for animals, or as a lifestyle choice.

read more on Vegetarians are more intelligent

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2,100 year-old Ancient astronomy Olympic Calculator Discovered

An ancient astronomy calculator appears to show the four-year cycle of the early Greek competitions that inspired today's Olympic Games.

Newly uncovered inscriptions on the 2,100 year-old device reveal names linked to the Olympiad cycle of games once celebrated among ancient Greek city-states.

It's possible that a descendant or student of Archimedes may have taken their cue from the master, Jones said. But he added that the Mechanism contains knowledge of astronomy that only existed after Archimedes died in 212 B.C., which means that the inventor did not directly build the mechanism.

Either way, the mechanism has yet to give up all its secrets. Scientists still puzzle over the eclipse prediction dial, which has glyphs arranged at five or six month intervals around it. The glyphs indicate whether the eclipse is lunar or solar and the time of day, but do not match up precisely with known eclipse times.

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Japanese Scientists Create Artificial DNA

Some complain that modern life contains too many artificial aspects: concrete instead of countryside, the internet instead of interaction, and all those sweeteners in our food. Just wait till they hear about the Japanese scientists who've rewritten DNA with entirely artificial basepairs.

DeoxyriboNucleic Acid is one of the most famous "sciencey-looking images" there is, a double helix structure with basepairs ascending like a twisted ladder. Each rung is an A/T or G/C pair, composed of Adenine, Thymine, Guanine and Cytosine. Researchers at the Toyoma School of Pharmaceutical Sciences have built synthetic stand-ins for all your, originally titled A*, T*, iG* and iC*.

Don't worry, Apple haven't extended their branding into the very coding of life (just yet). The "i" stands for "iso", indicating that the hydrogen-bonding pattern is reversed when these artificial units are used. We're not exactly sure what the implications of that are, but suspect it has something to do with the eventual artificial lifeforms turning evil and killing us all.

These counterfeit chromosome constructors report that these synthetic structures could be used in genetic engineering, displaying similar stability and behavior to natural DNA while remaining tunable with the choice of artificial basepairs. They also note that it is more resilient than the real thing against naturally occurring enzymes like DNase.

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Will Artificial DNA Be The Future Of Computers And 'green IT'?

A team of researchers at the University of Toyama in Japan, led by Masahiko Inouye, claim to have created the world's first stable artificial DNA molecules, made from synthesized nucleosides that resemble their natural counterparts.

DNA is made up of four basic building blocks, or bases, which code proteins used in cell functioning and development. While other researchers have developed DNA molecules with a few select artificial parts, the Japanese team put together four completely new, artificial bases inside the framework of a DNA molecule, creating unusually stable, double-stranded structures resembling natural DNA. According to the scientists, the artificial DNA acts like the real thing, and even forms right-handed duplexes with complimentary artificial strands. They hope to one day use their discovery to create a new biological information storage system that functions outside of the cell. Artificial DNA could be advantageously used instead of natural DNA due to its stability against naturally occurring enzymes and its structural diversity.

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Brad Pitt & Angelina Jolie's House

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